Craig, (Edward Henry) Gordon (1872-1966), English stage designer, producer, and writer, known for his theories about set design and direction, many of which were put into practice only by other artists. Born in Stevenage, Hertfordshire, Craig was the son of English actor Ellen Terry. He entered the theater as a child actor and from 1889 to 1897 took leading roles in the London productions of the theatrical manager and actor Sir Henry Irving. In his first production, the opera Dido and Aeneas (1900) by English composer Henry Purcell, Craig introduced radical changes in stage management, scenery, and lighting. Craig moved to Italy in 1906, and in 1908 he founded The Mask, a theater journal that flourished until 1929. He also operated an acting school in Florence, Italy. His productions, with settings of his own design, included operas, plays in which his mother starred in London, and dramas that he produced in several other European cities. Craig's major productions include Rosmersholm (1906) by Norwegian dramatist Henrik Ibsen for Italian actor Eleonora Duse, and Hamlet (1912) by English playwright William Shakespeare for the Moscow Art Theater (coproduced with Russian director Konstantin Stanislavski). His ideas had a significant influence on subsequent production techniques.